Middle Jurassic continental to marine transition in an extensional tectonics context: the Genna Selole Fm depositional system in the Tacchi area (central Sardinia,Italy)     

Luca Giacomo Costamagna 《Geological Journal》2016,51(5):722-736

In Eastern Sardinia during the early Middle Jurassic, Alpine Tethys opening triggered the rise of a temporary tectonic high. The high collapsed rapidly, was fragmented into separate blocks, and subsequently covered by continental, transitional, and finally shallow marine deposits forming a narrow depositional system comprising the Genna Selole Fm. Present‐day exposures in the southern part of the palaeo‐high allow the sedimentological evolution of the transgressive cover sequence to be ascertained. Initial terrestrial deposits comprise alluvial fan deposits located at the mouths of palaeovalleys. These pass into braid‐deltas and in the coastal areas located between adjacent valleys mouths, palustrine and coastal plain tidally‐influenced environments developed. These environments interfingered laterally and passed seaward into a transitional, siliciclastic to carbonate tidal environment. With the collapse of the tectonic high, the continental to transitional environments were transgressed with deposition of marine carbonates. A comparison with similar coeval deposits of the W‐Mediterranean domain has been undertaken. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

The rip current hazard in Costa Rica   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Isabel Arozarena  Chris Houser  Alejandro Gutiérrez Echeverria  Christian Brannstrom 《Natural Hazards》2015,77(2):753-768

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Modelling feedback from stars and black holes in galaxy mergers   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Volker Springel  Tiziana Di Matteo  Lars Hernquist 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,361(3):776-794

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高美古空气湿度的初步分析     

马开全 《天文研究与技术》1999,(2):12

给出丽江高美古天文候选点两年的湿度观测结果与宾川３００２ｍ山峰的比较,初步分析了湿度对天文可用时间及视宁度的影响。  相似文献   

基于条件价值法的风云卫星数据和服务社会效益评估研究     

李雪  咸迪 《气象研究与应用》2022,43(1):53-58

基于条件价值法,分析风云卫星数据和服务的分类支付意愿,利用二元Logistic模型,对影响用户支付意愿的因素进行研究.结果表明:(1)40％的受访公众对风云卫星数据和服务有支付意愿,人均年支付意愿额为31元;(2)风云卫星的数据和服务对十省市民众的年总价值为189亿元;(3)本人或家属是否在气象部门工作以及对风云卫星数...  相似文献   

应用GPS数据和Slepian基函数反演川云渝地区陆地水储量变化     

成帅  袁林果  姜中山  刘中冠  张迪  徐小凤 《地球物理学报》2021,64(4):1167-1180

局部Slepian函数是将局部区域内的地球物理信号转化为空间谱的一种方法,其可以保证在球面上局部范围内获得最优谱平滑解,非常适用于局部范围地球物理信号的研究.本文利用中国陆态网西南地区72个测站的连续GPS观测资料分析川云渝地区陆地水负荷形变特征,并基于Slepian函数方法解算60阶的空间谱基函数,结合弹性质量负荷理论研究了川云渝地区2011年至2015年陆地水储量变化的时空分布模式.针对Slepian函数的边界效应问题,本文使用GLDAS格网数据计算得到站点处垂直负荷位移时间序列,然后利用该位移数据来进行水储量变化恢复实验,结果表明当边界扩充为3°时能较好地恢复GLDAS模型输出的陆地水储量变化.通过对比区域内GPS、GRACE、GLDAS得到的等效水高以及降雨数据,发现季节性降水是陆地水变化的一个重要驱动因子,GPS反演结果与GRACE和GLDAS数据具有较强的空间一致性.云南地区周年变化要强于川渝地区,其中云南西部的山区陆地水变化最大,约为30 cm,最小为川北以及重庆地区仅为7 cm.相较于GPS反演结果,GRACE与GLDAS明显低估了陆地水储量的季节性变化,分别达到24%和47%.比较分析地区内平均等效水高时间序列的相位发现,GPS得到的陆地水变化与降雨数据一致性较好,而GRACE与GLDAS存在一到两个月左右的时延.同时GPS能较好的探测出2015年1月左右南方地区大范围的强降水,而GRACE与GLDAS并没有体现出该现象,说明GPS能更为灵敏地探测到局部地区陆地水的变化.在站点等效水高时间序列上,GPS与GRACE的相关性总体上要优于GPS与GLDAS,陆地水周年变化较大的云南和四川西部地区站点三种数据间相关性较好,而其他季节性信号不明显的地区则相关性较差.本文的研究表明运用GPS-Slepian方法能够独立地监测高时空分辨率的陆地水储量变化,是作为当前补充GRACE观测资料空缺期的有益尝试.  相似文献   

珠江口盆地白云凹陷新生代构造-热演化模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

胡杰  龙祖烈  黄玉平  张林友  胡迪  王一波  胡圣标 《地球物理学报》2021,64(5):1654-1665

珠江口盆地是我国海洋油气勘探的重点区域,白云凹陷是珠江口盆地内最大新生代凹陷,具有齐全的新生代地层及丰富的钻井地震资料,是构造-热演化模拟研究的理想区域.本文基于多期次非瞬时伸展模型,选取白云凹陷6条地震解释剖面进行新生代构造-热演化模拟,以揭示白云凹陷热演化的时空差异性,为探讨珠江口盆地演化机制及深部动力学过程提供依据.模拟结果表明:白云凹陷经历了两期拉张过程,第一期(47.8~33.9 Ma)拉张自始新世发生,凹陷中心及白云西洼拉张强度高,基底古热流快速上升,最高达到~80 mW·m^-2;第二期(23~13.8 Ma)拉张发生于中新世,此次拉张在白云凹陷南部更强烈,白云凹陷基底主体在13.8 Ma达到最高古热流~100 mW·m^-2,此后基底热流值一直缓慢下降,逐渐接近稳态.白云凹陷拉张强度总体呈现西高东低,中间高、边缘低,北部一期高,南部二期高.第一期拉张主要受裂陷期强烈的裂谷作用控制,而伸展作用重启和高速层引起的“下地壳流”的共同作用可能是造成第二期拉张(裂后异常沉降)的主要动力学机制.  相似文献   

Effect of Weather-Related Episodic Events over Chlorophyll-a In a Shallow Lake: an Analysis Based on High-Frequency Data     

Zunino  Josefina  Alfonso  María Belén  Vitale  Alejandro José  Piccolo  María Cintia 《Water Resources》2021,48(4):614-623

Water Resources - With conventional monitoring at low-frequency, biological responses to weather-related events are missed. In this paper, we examine the chlorophyll-a concentrations in a shallow...  相似文献   

Analysis of rill step–pool morphology and its comparison with stream case     

V. Pampalone  C. Di Stefano  A. Nicosia  V. Palmeri  V. Ferro 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2021,46(4):775-790

In this paper, the morphology of step–pool features is analysed using rill measurements and literature data for streams. Close-range photogrammetry was used to carry out ground measurements on rills with step–pool units, shaped on a plot having slope equal to 14, 15, 22, 24 and 26%. Data were used to compare the relationships between H/L, in which H is the step height and L is the step length, and the mean gradient of the step–pool sequence, S_m, for streams or the slope of the step–pool unit, S, for rills. The relationship of H/L against S_m is widely used to test the occurrence of the maximum flow resistance condition in streams, which is associated with the range 1 ≤ (H/L)/S_m ≤ 2. Further analyses were carried out to compare both the formation process and the profile of the pool in rills with those related to streams. Moreover, for a single rill channel, an analysis of flow characteristics expressed in terms of Darcy–Weisbach friction factor and Froude number was developed. The results allowed us to state: (i) the relationships of H/L versus S_m and S are quite similar and the steepness ratio for streams, (H/L)/S_m, and for rills, (H/L)/S, generally ranges from 1 to 2; (ii) the formation process and the profile of the pool in rills are not consistent with those occurring in streams; (iii) in the rills, the longitudinal size of the pool is dominant with respect to the maximum scour depth; (iv) the presence of a sequence of step–pool units within a rill segment noticeably increases flow resistance compared to segments with a flat bed; (v) the Froude number of the flow over the sequence of step–pool units in rills is slightly below the range of 0.8–1 corresponding to the maximum flow resistance in step–pool units.  相似文献   

Scientists' warning on extreme wildfire risks to water supply     

François-Nicolas Robinne  Dennis W. Hallema  Kevin D. Bladon  Mike D. Flannigan  Gabrielle Boisramé  Christian M. Bréthaut  Stefan H. Doerr  Giuliano Di Baldassarre  Louise A. Gallagher  Amanda K. Hohner  Stuart J. Khan  Alicia M. Kinoshita  Rua Mordecai  João Pedro Nunes  Petter Nyman  Cristina Santín  Gary Sheridan  Cathelijne R. Stoof  Matthew P. Thompson  James M. Waddington  Yu Wei 《水文研究》2021,35(5):e14086

2020 is the year of wildfire records. California experienced its three largest fires early in its fire season. The Pantanal, the largest wetland on the planet, burned over 20% of its surface. More than 18 million hectares of forest and bushland burned during the 2019–2020 fire season in Australia, killing 33 people, destroying nearly 2500 homes, and endangering many endemic species. The direct cost of damages is being counted in dozens of billion dollars, but the indirect costs on water-related ecosystem services and benefits could be equally expensive, with impacts lasting for decades. In Australia, the extreme precipitation (“200 mm day −1 in several location”) that interrupted the catastrophic wildfire season triggered a series of watershed effects from headwaters to areas downstream. The increased runoff and erosion from burned areas disrupted water supplies in several locations. These post-fire watershed hazards via source water contamination, flash floods, and mudslides can represent substantial, systemic long-term risks to drinking water production, aquatic life, and socio-economic activity. Scenarios similar to the recent event in Australia are now predicted to unfold in the Western USA. This is a new reality that societies will have to live with as uncharted fire activity, water crises, and widespread human footprint collide all-around of the world. Therefore, we advocate for a more proactive approach to wildfire-watershed risk governance in an effort to advance and protect water security. We also argue that there is no easy solution to reducing this risk and that investments in both green (i.e., natural) and grey (i.e., built) infrastructure will be necessary. Further, we propose strategies to combine modern data analytics with existing tools for use by water and land managers worldwide to leverage several decades worth of data and knowledge on post-fire hydrology.  相似文献